Introduction
In this post, you will know the NCERT Question Answer of Chapter 7 Diversity in Living Organisms.
1. What are the advantages of classifying organisms?
Answer. The following are the advantages of classifying organisms:
I) It makes us aware and gives us information regarding the diversity of plants and animals.
II) It helps to development of other life sciences.
III) It makes the study much easier of different kind of organisms.
IV) Understand the evolution of organisms.

2. How would you choose between two characteristics to be used for developing a hierarchy in classification? 
Answer. (a) The character which is of fundamental importance, generally present in large number of organisms, is used in raising a higher category.

(b) The character, generally present in smaller number of organisms, is used for raising a lower category.

3. Explain the basis for grouping organisms into five kingdoms. 
Answer. The basis for grouping organisms into five kingdoms is:
(i) Nature of the cells
(ii) Number of cells
(iii) Presence or absence of cell wall.
(iv) Mode of nutrition (whether they prepare their own food or get their food from outside)

4. What are the major divisions in Plantae? What is the basis for these divisions?
Answer. The major divisions of Plantae are:
(a) Thallophyta
(b) Bryophyta
(c) Pteridophyta
(d) Phanerogams

Phanerogams are further classified into:
1. Gymnosperms and
2. Angiosperms 

The bases of the divisions are as follows:
(a) Differentiation of plant body.
(b) Presence or absence of special tissues for the transport of water and other substances. (c) Seeds naked or enclosed in fruit (Gymnosperms/Angiosperms).
(d) One or two cotyledons in seeds (Monocots/Dicots).

5. How are the criteria for deciding divisions in plants different from the criteria for deciding the sub-groups among the animals?

Answer. The criteria for dividing the plants include
(i) differentiation of the plant body
(ii) distinct vascular (conduction) tissues
(iii) seed producing ability
(iv) and the seeds enclosed within fruits.

But the animals can't be divided into groups based on these criteria. It is because the basic designs of animals are very different from plants. They are divided on the basis of their body structure.


6. Explain how animals in vertebrates are classified into further groups.

Answer. Vertebrates are divided into five groups, i.e., Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia on the basis of certain characteristics as follows:

(a) Pisces: Exoskeleton of scales, endoskeleton of bone/cartilage, breathing through gills. 
(b) Amphibia: Slimy skin, larvae with gills, lungs in adults.
(c) Reptilia: Exoskeleton in the form of scales, lay eggs outside water.
(d) Aves: Exoskeleton of feathers, lay eggs outside water, most of them fly in air.
(e) Mammalia: Exoskeleton of hair, external ears present, most of them give birth to young ones.